Biogas is included in the energy gases, a collective name for high energy gases used as fuels. Here are also natural gas, LPG, city gas and hydrogen gas. Energy gases have many technical and environmental benefits compared to solid and liquid fuels, and the use of gas fuels is expected to increase in the future. The methane molecule (CH4) found in biogas and natural gas is the simplest of all hydrocarbons in nature. The high content of hydrogen in relation to coal produces more water and less carbon dioxide than combustion or more complex hydrocarbons such as coal, oil and solid biofuels such as wood and pellets. The carbon dioxide that is formed when biogas is combusted and mixed with the oxygen of the air also does not contribute to the greenhouse effect. This gives biogas an environmental advantage against natural gas, whose hydrocarbons originate in fossil carbon. METAN A GROWTH GAS Gas is in itself a powerful greenhouse gas that absorbs infrared light even more efficiently than carbon dioxide. It is also considered that the meta is relatively persistent (long life) in air bearings, its effect as greenhouse gas, seen from a hundred-year perspective, more than 20 times stronger than carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is, due to the large amount of human activity generated, for example
combustion of fossil fuels, the gas which accounts for the largest increase (more than 60% of the greenhouse effect. Next comes methane, which is estimated to contribute more than 20% due to increased animal husbandry, larger areas which is used for rice cultivation, leakage in the extraction of fossil fuels and more. For that the biogas's positive environmental effects should not Reducing it is extremely important to minimize emissions of methane at all stages, from production, distribution and upgrading to final use of the gas. GAS NET OPEN FOR NEW OPPORTUNITIES Like natural gas, biogas can be upgraded carried out on the public gas network. Well-developed gas networks were already in the 19th century in many of Europe's cities. These mainly distributed city gas that was used for lighting and cooking. town gas was originally produced by gasification of coal, but is currently produced by decomposition of light petrol. City gas consists of most of hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide with a small mixture of carbon monoxide and nitrogen gas. Even today, there is a functioning gas network for the distribution of city gas, for example in Stockholm, but the city gas now almost has completely replaced with other energy gases, mainly natural gas. An increased involvement of biogas in the gas network means that the proportion of environmentally friendly or "Green" gas distributed to the user is increasing. Interference is taking place today in Gothenburg, Helsingborg and Laholm. Another example is Hammarby Sjöstad in Stockholm where biogas produced from the waste water is used as fuel in the apartments' biogas stoves, through distribution in a separate gas network. With the spread through the gas network opening They are also new opportunities for the biogas which, like natural gas, can be used as fuel in gas stoves, stoves, hobs, baking ovens, heaters and for heating hot water heaters and more. Since carbon dioxide is formed when methane is burned, this can be used for carbon dioxide fertilization in greenhouses. The methane gas is suitable also good for heating greenhouses with infrared. Other rooms that are suitable for Infrastructure are those that have high air turnover or just temporary use, such as warehouses, balconies and patios. These are suitable because the radiator does not heat the air but only
people, plants, machines with flare "Object" in the room. This provides an effective and rapid heating with reduced costs as a result. In warmer countries, such as China and India, the need for heating is limited and local produced biogas from small farms and treatment plants are mainly used for lighting and cooking. USE OF BIOGAS IN THE INDUSTRY Many industries, such as sugar use, distilleries, dairies and paper mills, generate process and waste water that can be digested in a biogas process directly in place. This is an advantage because the requirement for, among other things, location otherwise limit the opportunity to exploit biogas more generally in the industry. Another limiting factor is delivery reliability. Examples of areas of use for methane gas in the industry are local heating, cogeneration, steam and hot water production and furnace heating. In the pulp and paper industry, the gas can used for drying paper either directly via infra-red or indirect through production of steam.
